Rare Cadaveric Finding of a Horseshoe Kidney in the Presence of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report

Yee Eun Lee; Celine Asbury; Gabriel Bailey; Madelyn Mull; Archa Rajesh; Alexander  Taylor; Savannah  Newell; Kristina Zarenko

doi:10.61797/ijcsav.v4i1.229

Yee Eun Lee Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Celine Asbury Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Gabriel Bailey Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Madelyn Mull Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Archa Rajesh Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Alexander Taylor Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Savannah Newell Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA
Kristina Zarenko Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, 4408 Bon Aire Dr., Monroe, LA 71203, Louisiana, USA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61797/ijcsav.v4i1.229

Keywords: Horseshoe kidney, Abdominal aortic aneurysm, Co-existence, Management, Anatomical variation

Abstract

Horseshoe kidney is a congenital malformation that occurs during gestational development as a result of the fusion of the parenchyma of both kidneys at their lower poles. This leads to the malrotation of the urinary tract and abnormal renal vasculature. The co-existence of horseshoe kidney and abdominal aortic aneurysm is rare; it is found in approximately 1 in 700 autopsied cases and only 0.12% of patients undergo surgical repair of the abdominal aortic aneurysm. Both horseshoe kidney and abdominal aortic aneurysm usually present asymptomatically, and diagnosis may be made by physical examination, incidental findings on imaging, or during post-mortem examination. Furthermore, physicians face a great challenge in the medical and surgical management of these conditions due to the lack of standard guidance. In this article, we present a cadaveric case of a horseshoe kidney accompanied by an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The case report will demonstrate and categorize the horseshoe kidney with the Eisendrath system as type II and III classification, as well as discuss anatomical variations and medical management of the co-existence of a horseshoe kidney and abdominal aortic aneurysm.